Our guest, Dr. Alexander Klimburg, joins us to discuss his recent report, Enter Europe’s Cyber Deterrence, and unpack the evolving nature of Russian hybrid campaigns. We examine how cyber operations, disinformation, sabotage, and information warfare work together to erode political cohesion and apply persistent pressure below the threshold of conventional conflict.

The conversation explores Europe’s current response strategy—built around norms, regulation, resilience, and limited punishment—and why these tools may be insufficient against compellence-oriented adversaries. We also discuss the growing uncertainty surrounding long-term U.S. support for European security and what Europe’s dependence on American cyber capabilities means for the future of deterrence.

Finally, we examine Klimburg’s proposal for a European Cyber Operations Group (ECOG), a coalition-based model designed to strengthen Europe’s ability to conduct coordinated counter-hybrid operations and operate more effectively in the gray zone.

Our guest, Jerry McGinn, joins us to unpack the Department of Defense’s latest push to transform its acquisition system, an effort aimed at accelerating how the military identifies, buys, and deploys capabilities in areas like AI, cyber, and autonomous systems.

We explore why traditional procurement processes, built for slow-moving hardware programs, are ill-suited for today’s software-driven technologies, and what that means for U.S. competitiveness. The conversation also breaks down the Pentagon’s proposed reforms, from prioritizing commercial solutions to overhauling regulatory barriers, and assesses whether they can meaningfully close the gap between technological innovation and military deployment.

Finally, we examine the broader implications for the defense industrial base, emerging tech companies, and U.S. allies, asking a central question: can the United States adapt its acquisition system fast enough to compete in an era defined by rapid technological change?

Our guest, Eva Dou, is an award-winning journalist and the author of House of Huawei. Drawing on years of reporting on China’s political economy and technology sector, Eva unpacks how Huawei’s rise and its rivalry with U.S. firms offer a powerful lens into broader geopolitical competition.

In this episode, we explore how space-based connectivity is challenging traditional terrestrial networks, why companies like SpaceX may be redefining infrastructure from orbit, and how both firms are becoming central to surveillance and data systems. This episode looks beyond individual companies to ask a bigger question: what do SpaceX and Huawei reveal about how the United States and China build, scale, and compete in the technologies that will define the future?

Our guests, Lauryn Williams, Deputy Director and Senior Fellow with the Strategic Technologies Program at CSIS; Dr. Nikita Shah, Senior Fellow with the Intelligence, National Security, and Technology Program at CSIS; and Lieutenant General (Ret.) Maria Barrett, former Commander of U.S. Army Cyber Command, bring deep expertise from government, military, and strategic policy roles. Together, they unpack how Iran calibrates cyber operations alongside information warfare, economic pressure, and geopolitical signaling.

We discuss the distinction between high-volume cyber activity and operations that create meaningful strategic effects, including reported attacks on financial systems and the growing use of AI-enabled influence campaigns. The conversation also explores how cyber operations intersect with other tools of statecraft, why cyber activity alone rarely determines the trajectory of conflict, and what indicators may signal escalation in the months ahead.

Our guest, Ty Schmitt, Vice President and Dell Fellow in Dell Technologies’ Infrastructure Solutions Group CTO organization, brings more than three decades of experience in server hardware, thermal design, and data center engineering. Drawing on his work shaping Dell’s data center technology and sustainability strategy, Ty explains why AI infrastructure is scaling so rapidly and what makes it technically different from the cloud systems that came before.  
We discuss the engineering challenges behind high-power AI chips, the industry’s shift from air to liquid cooling, and how data center builders are adapting to rising energy demands and community concerns as AI infrastructure expands.

Our guest, Chris Kimm, former Senior Vice President at Equinix, brings decades of experience operating and scaling global data center infrastructure at the intersection of technology, customers, and public policy. Drawing on his leadership across data center operations in the Americas and global customer service teams, as well as his time chairing the Data Center Coalition’s Board of Directors, Chris helps unpack how modern data centers work, how they’ve evolved, and why misconceptions about their impact persist.

We discuss what actually happens inside a data center, how facilities differ from hyperscale to edge deployments, where innovation is happening most rapidly, and how the industry is responding to mounting energy and sustainability challenges. The conversation also explores why regions like Northern Virginia became data center hubs, what economic benefits these facilities bring to local communities, and how policymakers can better balance growth with public concerns as digital infrastructure continues to expand.

The discussion explores the global push for sovereign cloud and sovereign AI, as well as the difficult tradeoffs governments face as they seek greater control over data, compute, and cloud infrastructure. Matt and Bill break down what cloud computing is, why digital sovereignty has surged to the top of the policy agenda, and where sovereign approaches risk undermining innovation, competitiveness, and economic growth through higher costs, scalability limits, and fragmentation.

Read Bill’s paper: https://www.csis.org/analysis/sovereign-cloud-sovereign-ai-conundrum-policy-actions-achieve-prosperity-and-security

Our guest, Dr. James (Jim) Lewis, former director of the Strategic Technologies Program at CSIS, draws on decades of experience spanning cyber policy, export controls, and high-tech competition with China to unpack what’s real, what’s hype, and what’s at stake. We discuss how quantum computing could threaten today’s encryption, why quantum sensing may arrive sooner than people think, how Beijing is investing to gain an edge, and what U.S. policymakers must do to sustain leadership, from funding and commercialization to workforce development and quantum-safe security standards.

Our guest, Audrey M. Schaffer, senior vice president of global policy and government strategy at Slingshot Aerospace and former director for space policy at the National Security Council, draws on her experience across the White House, Department of Defense, State Department, and NASA to unpack today’s evolving space threat environment. We discuss China’s growing space ambitions, the role of commercial satellites in modern conflict, the intersection of AI and space security, and how the United States can lead on governance, sustainability, and norm-setting to protect its competitive edge beyond Earth.

Our guest, Shane Tews, nonresident senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and president of Logan Circle Strategies, draws on her experience across government, industry, and global internet governance to unpack debates over encryption, lawful access, and emerging technologies like AI and 5G. Together, we explore whether a shared global rulebook is still possible—or if the future of tech governance will be increasingly fragmented.

Our guest, Diane Rinaldo, former Acting Administrator of NTIA and a leading expert on 5G and supply chain security, breaks down the strategic stakes of next-generation wireless systems. We explore how spectrum competition shapes U.S.–China tech rivalry, why trusted networks are central to national security, and how emerging technologies like AI and quantum are transforming the telecom landscape.

Finally, we look ahead to 6G and discuss what the United States must do now to stay competitive in the race for the future of connectivity.

Drawing on anonymous quotes from current operators across the Services, the episode breaks down the four systemic pressures shaping the cyber workforce:

• Leadership: Why technically proficient cyber operators rarely rise into senior command roles.
• Training: How uneven and outdated training pipelines leave some operators unprepared for mission demands.
• Readiness: Why a small cadre of highly skilled “unicorn” operators end up carrying the majority of the operational load.
• Culture: How traditional service cultures undervalue cyber expertise compared to kinetic career fields.

Together, the guests unpack how these structural issues weaken the nation’s cyber readiness—and why addressing them may require establishing a dedicated U.S. Cyber Force designed to recruit, train, and retain the country’s top cyber talent.

Learn more at the CSIS Strategic Technologies Program.

Drawing on her recent Foreign Affairs publication, Neuberger explains why China is winning the cyberwar, how AI-enabled “digital twins” could transform U.S. defense, and why resilience, not offense, must underpin deterrence.

The conversation explores the convergence of intelligence, cybersecurity, and emerging technologies, the role of the private sector in defending critical infrastructure, and what it will take to secure America’s digital future.